Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia Data Issues in the Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia Carlos A.Nobre Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies - CPTEC/INPE 1989 - FOTOS/ LIANA JOHN Inter-American Workshop on Environmental Data Access Campinas, Brazil 4 March 2004

The two overarching questions of LBA How Amazonia functions currently as a regional entity with respect to the natural cycles of water, energy, carbon, nutrient and trace-gases?  How will changes in land use and climaten affect the biological, chemical and physical functioning of Amazonia, including its sustainability and influence on global climate?

LBA LINKAGES PHYSICAL CLIMATE SYSTEM: Water and Energy ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY CARBON STORAGE AND EXCHANGE BIOGEOCHEMISTRY: Trace Gases and Nutrients LAND SURFACE HYDROLOGY AND WATER CHEMISTRY LAND USE/LAND COVER HUMAN DIMENSIONS

RESEARCH STRATEGY I: ECOLOGICAL TRANSECTS Mesoscale Experiments Primary Research Areas Ecoclimatic Transects Secondary Research Areas (with Flux Towers) Sites to be established SANTARÉM MANAUS RESEARCH STRATEGY I: ECOLOGICAL TRANSECTS PARÁ RONDÔNIA Mesoscale Experiments BRASÍLIA

longitude of central meridian - 57 00 00 LBA ECOLOGICAL TRANSECTS Vegetation Types in Brazilian Amazonia Data source: Radam -70,5 -65,5 -60,5 -55,5 -50,5 Area of Study -70,0 -45,0 -45,-10 Vegetation A, Aa, Ab, As C, Cs D, Da, Db, Dm, Ds F, Fa, Fs N E W S LO, La, Ld, Lg ON -45,-15 P, Pa, Pf S, SM, SN, SO, ST, Sa, Sd, Sg, Sp Td, Tp WATER 200 100 0 200 M rm 100 100 0 200 km Scale 1:16.000.000 Projection longitude of central meridian - 57 00 00

RESEARCH STRATEGY II: SCALING UP 10-100 km 2 Áreas de estudo Rondônia Modelos de escala de bacias Análise de dados(4DDA) Produtos de SR de satélite Transeções extensivas por avião Transeções ecológica 100-10000 km Bacia Amazônica [obs. contínuas] Validação dos algoritmos dos satélites Meteorologia de mesoescala Hidrologia de sub-bacias Fluxos medidos na superfície e por avião (H, ,CO2, gases-traços, R ) Validação do SR de superfície e de aviões Química da Atmosfera 10-100 km 2 Áreas de estudo Rondônia Pará [CIC + obs. Contínuas] RESEARCH STRATEGY II: SCALING UP E Medições de fluxo em torre Química Atmosférica Hidrologia de Micro Bacias Química do escoamento -1 km Sítios para as Torres [CIC + obs. contínuos] Estudo de processos Fisiologia Ótica de Fito-elementos Câmara de solo Isótopos Hidráulica do solo Química do solo 1-10 m Estudos de processos Sítios para validação Sítios de validação Alometria/Biometria Alvos do SR Sítios para validação Sítios de estudos de processos

LBA Research Sites “Tour”

Rancho Grande Rebio-Jaru LBA Research Sites Tour continued ...

Fazenda Nossa Senhora Santarém LBA Research Sites Tour continued ...

Use of atmospheric research Aircraft in the Wet Season Atmospheric Mesoscale Campaign – LBA WET AMC Jan-March 1999, Rondonia

SOUTH AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS PARTICIPATING IN LBA

LBA in numbers 130 studies (30% completed) covering the 7 LBA themes Over 150 institutions from all Amazonian countries, US and EU Over 1200 participants (about 500 students; 160 PhD students) To date over 400 peer-reviewed articles in scientific literature

LBA Data Diversity ....  Variety of multidisciplinary in situ data from over 50 research sites (< 10 Terabytes); researcher´s responsibility to deliver research-quality data on a timely fashion.  Satellite data (large volumes of tens of Terabytes).  Gridded data from an array of numerical models (large volumes of tens of Teraybites)

Scientific and Technical Issues  Technical interoperabilitty of LBA data across software and hardware systems.  Semantic interoperability of LBA data across disciplines and languages.  Facilitating interdisciplinary and international access to LBA data resources. Scientific and technical requirements for long-term preservation and accessibility of LBA data. The scientific ‘culture’ of data ownership

LBA Data Policy Data generated by LBA will become public domain and will be permanently archived in Brazil. The LBA Data Information System (DIS) will provide tools for documenting, storing, searching and distributing these data. All data collected in the field must be sent to LBA-DIS no longer than 2 years after data collection. All LBA data should be available to all LBA researchers. Exceptions may be made in the case of raw or preliminary data, for which distribution can be restricted for a limited period of time. There will be no periods of exclusive rights to publish LBA results. Exceptions are possible for students where graduation requirements prohibit publication of results prior to acceptance of a Thesis. Individual investigators may make their own data more widely available at any time. Outside investigators may be given access to this data as soon as the data have been submitted to the LBA DIS, with some prudent time period for quality control. Each LBA module is responsible for establishing a time schedule for data exchange within the projects and data delivery to LBA DIS. The time limit for data delivery to LBA-DIS will be no more than one year. Data should be analyzed cooperatively by all scientists involved in obtaining them. Especially cooperation across disciplines and among South American, European and North American researchers should be encouraged. Publications resulting from work under LBA should be co-authored by all scientists who have participated substantially in the work, unless some participants choose not to be on the authors’ list. The same applies to presentations at meetings. Special effort by each non-South American researcher should be put into integration of South American researchers in their work and in the publication of the results. Where data are used for modeling or integrating studies, the scientist collecting the data will be credited appropriately, either by co-authorship or by citation. Investigators using data provided by another investigator as a substantial component of a paper should offer the originating investigator co-authorship. In cases where data from other investigators are a minor contribution to a paper, the data should be referenced by a citation. Users of the data will always have to state the source of the data. Specific constraints for certain data sources (e.g. satellite products, global meteorological analysis, etc) may be subject to copyright restrictions which are more limiting than this LBA data policy. It is up to the LBA-OIC to take the first steps in making contacts with officials and institutions in order to prepare specific agreements that will allow LBA scientists to use the data. If conflicts do occur, they should be resolved at the level of the LBA modules.

What is Beija-flor? A Web-based metadata search and data retrieval system. A system designed for tracking scientific metadata. A standards-based system. A “virtual system” with data and metadata distributed over the Internet under the control of investigators. A system providing rapid (nightly) updates.

What’s Beija-flor Good For? A Metadata search and data retrieval system. Especially where the following may be applicable: International metadata standards “Light” database apps (skills DB, not payroll). A Web layer to a legacy database. A “Roll Up” interface to multiple heterogeneous databases. Making data and documentation searchable. Topical search engines (e.g., Biomass). Using the Internet as its repository.

LBA Overall Status: Metadata Registered in Beija-flor The “Poster” numbers include entries with only a poster URL. The “Data” numbers include everything else: entries with only a data URL, entries with both Data URL + Poster URL and entries with no URL at all.

LBA Overall Status: Data Volume Archived at LBA-DIS / CPTEC