Plural of Nouns.

Apresentação em tema: "Plural of Nouns."— Transcrição da apresentação:

1 Plural of Nouns

2 Regra Geral Substantivo + s book - books machine - machines picture - pictures house - houses pencil - pencils egg - eggs

3 Substantivos terminados em s, sh, ch, x e z
Substantivo + es bus - buses kiss - kisses wish - wishes watch - watches box - boxes buzz - buzzes

4 Observação 1 Alguns substantivos terminados em “ch” mas com som de “k” recebem apenas “s” no final. stomach(k) - stomachs patriarch(k) - patriarchs epoch(k) - epochs monarch(k) - monarchs

5 Substantivos terminados em “o”
Substantivo + es tomato - tomatoes potato - potatoes hero - heroes negro - negroes embargo - embargoes

6 Observação 2 Em alguns substantivos terminados em “o” acrescenta-se apenas o “s”. piano - pianos radio - radios photo - photos bamboo - bamboos studio - studios tango - tangos concerto – concertos solo - solos

7 Substantivos terminados em “y” e precedidos de consoante
Substantivo - y + ies city - cities secretary - secretaries lady - ladies victory - victories fly - flies

8 Substantivos terminados em
“y” e precedidos de vogal. Substantivo + s boy - boys toy - toys valley - valleys day - days key - keys

9 Substantivos terminados em “f” ou “fe”
Substantivo - f - fe + ves half - halves life - lives knife - knives leaf - leaves loaf - loaves shelf - shelves wolf - wolves wife - wives

10 Observação 3 Em alguns substantivos terminados
em “f” ou “fe” acrescentamos apenas o “s”. roof - roofs sheriff - sheriffs gulf - gulfs proof - proofs safe - safes dwarf - dwarfs belief - beliefs chief - chiefs reef - reefs cliff - cliffs turf - turfs grief - griefs

11 Plurais irregulares Têm forma própria man - men woman - women child - children tooth - teeth foot - feet mouse - mice louse - lice ox - oxen goose - geese die - dice

12 Especiais 1 Alguns substantivos têm a mesma forma para o singular e o plural. bison deer fish fruit reindeer salmon trout grouse sheep swine

13 Especiais 2 Alguns substantivos não têm a forma singular. trousers spectacles clothes pliers shorts socks scissors pants stockings glasses

14 cattle police people government staff are team were audience don’t
Alguns substantivos embora pareçam estar no singular, têm sentido plural; portanto, o verbo que os acompanha é usado no plural. cattle police people government staff team audience commitee are were don’t have

15 Substantivos pátrios (referentes a nacionalidade) variam de acordo com
Portuguese – Portuguese Japanese – Japanese English – English French – French British – British Brazilian – Brazilians Greek – Greeks Italian – Italians American – Americans Belgian – Belgians

16 Substantivos compostos de dois ou mais nomes
substantivo + preposição +substantivo Acrescenta-se o “s” no principal sister - in - law  sisters - in - law mother - in - law  mothers - in - law son – in - law  sons – in - law

17 Substantivos compostos de dois ou mais nomes
Verbo + preposição Acrescenta-se o “s” na preposição back up  back ups check up  check ups set up  set ups warm up  warm ups workout  workouts

18 Algumas palavras com terminação
em “s”… ...se apresentam na forma singular Mathematics Mechanics Physics Optics Economics Phonetics News is was doesn’t has

19 Plurais de palavras estrangeiras - 1
us  i  Alguns substantivos terminados em "us" têm plurais terminados em "i". nucleus - nuclei (núcleo) radius - radii (raio geométrico) stimulus - stimuli (estímulo) cactus - cacti (cacto) alumnus - alumni (ex aluno) bacillus - bacilli (bacilo) locus - loci (lugar)

20 Plurais de palavras estrangeiras - 2
us  ra   Entretanto, outros substantivos terminados em "us" têm diferentes formas de plural.. corpus - corpora (corpo) genus - genera (gênero)

21 Plurais de palavras estrangeiras - 3
Substantivos terminados em "um" geralmente têm plurais terminando em "a".  um  a aquarium - aquaria (aquário) memorandum - memoranda (memorando) datum - data (informação) medium - media (meio/médio, meio de comunicação) erratum - errata (errata, correção) bacterium - bacteria (bactéria) 

22 Plurais de palavras estrangeiras - 4
a  e Alguns plurais terminados em "a" têm plurais terminando em "e". larva - larvae (larva) vertebra - vertebrae (vértebra) alga - algae (alga) alumna -alumna e (ex aluna) formula - formulae (fórmula)

23 Plurais de palavras estrangeiras - 5
is  es  Substantivos terminados em "is" têm plurais nos quais o "is" é substituído por "es" . analysis - analyses (análise) crisis - crises (crise) hypothesis - hypotheses (hipótese) basis - bases (base) parenthesis - parentheses (parêntese) synopsis - synopses (resumo) thesis - theses (tese) oasis - oases (oásis) axis - axes (eixo, caule)

24 Plurais de palavras estrangeiras - 6
ix / ex  ices Substantivos terminados em "ix" ou "ex" têm plurais têm plurais terminados em "ices". appendix - appendices (apêndice) index - indices (índice) matrix - matrices (matriz)

25 Plurais de palavras estrangeiras - 7
on  a  Alguns substantivos de origem grega os quais terminam em "on" têm plurais nos quais o "on" é substituído por "a". criterion - criteria (critério) phenomenon - phenomena (fenômeno)

26 Check the form of the verb “singular” or “plural”:
1.The trousers you bought for me (doesn’t / don’t) fit me. 2.Physics (was / were) my best subject in school. 3.Fortunately the news (wasn’t / weren’t) as bad as we had expected. 4.The police (want / wants) to interview John about the robbery. 5.Three days (isn’t / aren’t) long enough for a good holiday. 6.Where (does / do) your family live? 7.England (has / have) lost all their football matches this season. 8.(Does / Do)the police know about the stolen money?

27 9.Can I borrow your scissors? Mine (isn’t / aren’t) sharp enough.
10.I’m going to take a taxi. Six miles (is / are) too far for me to walk. 11. His clothes ( is/ are ) old fashioned and weird. 12. People ( avoid / avoids ) her due to her bad temper. 13. Manchester United ( has / have ) several titles up to now. 14. Twenty miles (are / is ) a long way. Give up! 15. The government ( is / are ) discussing the issue now. 16. Arsenal ( is / are ) predictable, weak and lack a winning mentality. 17. Phonetics ( has / have ) has been studied at Oxford for about four hundreds years. 18. The cattle ( have / has ) lots of space here.

28 (UNISANTA - SP) - Choose the correct group of words
in the plural: a) shelfs, calves, thieves; b) leafs, wolves, halves; c) dishes, chieves, proofs; d) lifes, knives, tomatoes; e) handkerchiefs, dwarfs, safes. Test 1

29 (UFBA) - A única palavra abaixo em cujo plural o "y" não é substituído por "ies" é
a) lady; b) baby; c) family; d) cowboy; e) fancy Test 2

30 (UniABC - SP) - Assinale a alternativa em que todas as formas de plural estejam corretas.
a) boxes - echoes - surveys - wives; b) wolfes - handkerchiefs - pianos - selfs; c) men - salesmen - halfs - dice; d) calfs - pence - wharfs - dynamos; e) libraries - houses - stomaches - flys. Test 3

31 (UNESP - SP) - All these words follow the same rule to form the plural, except:
a) plural in "ies" - daisy, lady, baby, city, fly; b) plural in "es" - watch, church, negro, dish, brush; c) plural in "ves" - wife, half, calf, chief, leaf; d) plural in "s" - cowboy, valley, key, way, day; e) change of internal vowel - goose, tooth, foot, louse, mouse. Test 4

32 (FEPAR - PR) - Which of these words follows the same rule for plural formation of "processes"
a) case - class; b) tomato - match; c) glass - day; d) box - cube; e) ox - bush, Test 5

33 (UEMA) - Which of the following groups consists of words which do not form their plural in "ves"?
a) elf - dwarf - scarf; b) shelf - calf - thief; c) life - knife - leaf; d) loaf - wolf - half; e) chief - reef - proof. Test 6

34 (MACK - SP) - Choose de correct sequence of
the plural of the following nouns: a) polices - clotheses - die - bacterium - phenomenon; b) police - clothes - dice - bacteria - phenomenons; c) polices - clothes - dice - bacteria - phenomenons; d) police - clothes - dice - bacteria - phenomena; e) police - clothes - dice - bacteria - phenomenon. Test 7

35 (FUVEST-SP) - Choose the right alternative with the
correct sentence: a) The mice were caught by the cook, b) The mouse was caught by the cooker, c) The mice was catched by the cook, d) The mouse were catched by the cooker, e) The mouse was catched by the cook. Test 8

36 (PUC - PR) - Mark the best option:
She seems very mature for a_____________. a) girl with fifteen years; b) girl who has fifteen years; c) fifteen-year-old girl; d) girl of fifteen year; e) fifteen-years-old girl. Test 9

37 (ITA - SP) - The United States _________ a big country
a) is; b) are; c) have; d) "a" e "b" corretas; e) todas são corretas. Test 10