Saint Peter & Saint Paul Rocks 2012 PT0S Thanks John – K6MM, Kevin - K6TD , Bob – K7BHM By Fred Carvalho – PY2XB 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

PT0S Volta Radioamadorismo Foco em Banda Baixa e 6m AA7JV PY2XB PP5XX HA7RY 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

SP&SP – Visão Geral Descoberto em 1511 1,000Km de Natal – 630Km de PY0F 15 ilhotas – Uma “desembarcável” Mais inóspito no Brasil Farol construído nos idos 1920s 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

SP&SP – Visão Geral St. Peter & St. Paul Rocks 530 Milhas Náuticas 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

SP&SP - Overview Belmonte tem área seca permanente Águas profundas Ondas de todos lados Atividade sísmica 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Estação Científica 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Instituida por comissão interministerial em 1988 Estação Científica Instituida por comissão interministerial em 1988 Convenção da ONU sobre direitos do Mar Supervisão da Marinha Ocupação por Cientístas 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Ativações anteriores Adicionada ao DXCC em Nov 1965 Highlights Adicionada ao DXCC em Nov 1965 1966 : PY0XA Don Miller inválida 1967 : PY0SP-PY0DX by PY7s 1ª válida 1978 : PW0PP-PY0RO 1ª ativação 160m 1982 : PY0SP- PY0SJ 1ª ativação 6m 2001 : PW0S – Última ativação significativa http://www.py2yp.com/spsprocks/ 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Ativações anteriores PW0S (2001) PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

“Balde de água fria” ”Radioamadorismo não esta autorizado por não se alinhar com o programa de pesquisas em SP&SP ” 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Requisição da Licensa Oms-PY5EG Trabalha junto ao Governo Estudo de impacto ambiental Somente 4 operadores Desembarque aprovado pela Marinha 100% auto suficiente Melhoria contínua da relação com a Marinha 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

PY5EG o cavaleiro da Licensa perdida! 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Viagem de Reconhecimento Jul/Aug 2012 7 dias no Mar – 4 horas Rochedos Checagem da Estação Científica Checagem locais acampamento Checagem locais para antenas Checagem de Interferências Checagem rochedos próximos 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Viagem de Reconhecimento AA7JV 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Viagem de Reconhecimento Europa Cabral 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Preparação 3 meses de janela de tempo Pontos Altos 3 meses de janela de tempo 600kg Material comprado no Brasil 450kg of material enviado para o Brasil 8 X 50kg caixas de bagagem Suprimentos, gasolina, etc... comprados em Natal 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Meio de Transporte Patinho Feio We try to keep things simple. To be effective on 160 meters, there is a minimum amount of equipment that you need. You need at least 500 watts (more is better) and, of course, you need a good antenna. You really need a good antenna. The antenna is key to a good signal. An amplifier can make a 10 dB difference. The difference between an good antenna and a bad one can be 20 dB (or more). In our case, the antenna had to work well on all bands too. The critical ingredient on an island DXpedtion is the salt water. It provides a near perfect ground and allows for very low angles of radiation. A vertical standing in salt water can be very efficient. The antenna, however, should stand in the water, or at least have water under it (under the sand). This is critical. The belief that a vertical will be as good if “it can see the water”, is simply false. Sure, having salt water a few wavelengths away will help, but signals will be down by many dB-s because of ground losses. To illustrate this point, let me pose a hypothetical question. If half of your yard happened to be covered with a continuous sheet of copper and the other half with sand, where would you put your vertical? Obviously, you would put it in the middle of the copper sheet. Not on the edge of it, and most certainly not in the sand. So we put out antennas in the water. There are serious challenges, however, when installing an antenna in the sea. Tides will vary its feed-point impedance, waves will batter its base, especially at high tide; and of course, everything must be water-proof and corrosion resistant. I know of DXpeditions that moved their antennas away from the water: they did not like them getting wet and salty. With us, it is the opposite: we put the antennas as far into the water as we can and deal with the problems caused by the water. The key to our antenna system is a home built, water-proof, dual output automatic antenna couple (the coupler has two antenna ports with an internal ANT select relay). The coupler solves the problem of the tides changing the feed-point impedance (1.8 meter tides on Mellish). It allows operation on any band, and it gives us total freedom of antenna geometry. (In amateur practice, antenna geometry is often dictated by the desire for a given feed-point impedance, usually 50 ohms. A lot of sacrifices are made to obtain this impedance. The use of coupling devices is seen as undesirable because of losses and complexity (and cost). I believe that for multi-band antennas the situation is the opposite: a low loss coupler makes things simple and easy! Simple and easy are desirable on a two-man DXpedition.) For Mellish we designed an antenna that had an array of wires suspended from two 18 meter SpiderPoles. The array, which essentially consisted two separate antennas – one for the low bands and one for 20 meters and up – also included a grounding relay at the base of the second pole. This array allowed us good performance on 160 to 10 meters with only a single structure. Because of the large tide, and because of the sloping beach we placed the antenna at the half-tide point: it had about 3 foot of water at its base at high tide and at low tide, while seemingly standing on the sand, the sand was saturated and had salt water under it. Based on the reports we were getting, the antenna seemed to have worked. Patinho Feio

Conforto a bordo Aqui vamos nós !

A chegada 3 dias e meio depois 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Antenas Set-up A primeira antena levantada

Antenas Set-up Ant 1: 160 – 10 m Inv L, Vertical 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Planta Elétrica 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Antenas Set-up A segunda antena levantada PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Antennas Set-up Ant 2: 80 – 10 m Vertical PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Antenas Set-up Antena 6M & amiguinhos PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Estações Dia 2: Duas estações no ar e trabalhando pesado 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Antenas Set-up RX Ant: Flag, 4 m x 5m PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Antenas Set-up Vertical 10M 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Estações Estação 3 : 10 and 6m 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Configuração Final 3º Dia: 3 Estações no Ar trabalhando todas bandas de 160 to 6 m CW/SSB/RTTY Pouco tempo para descanso 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Dormir ? Quem precisa? Não é o Hilton PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Upload de Logs e Atualização do site 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Equipamentos Estação 1: K3 + 2 x SG-500 (1 kW) Estação 2: K3 + 1 x SG-500 (500 W) Estação 3: K3 + 300 W PA for 6 m, 100 W on 10m Power: Todos equipamentos em 12 V DC 9 x 12V Baterias de Carro 60A 6 x 10 A Carregadores 1 x 2.5 kW Gerador 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Antenna Principal Água salgada em volta Acoplador automático Sistema em 2 partes: Inv L 160, 80, 40 e 30, Wire Frame: 20 – 10 m 11 16 2 6 We try to keep things simple. To be effective on 160 meters, there is a minimum amount of equipment that you need. You need at least 500 watts (more is better) and, of course, you need a good antenna. You really need a good antenna. The antenna is key to a good signal. An amplifier can make a 10 dB difference. The difference between an good antenna and a bad one can be 20 dB (or more). In our case, the antenna had to work well on all bands too. The critical ingredient on an island DXpedtion is the salt water. It provides a near perfect ground and allows for very low angles of radiation. A vertical standing in salt water can be very efficient. The antenna, however, should stand in the water, or at least have water under it (under the sand). This is critical. The belief that a vertical will be as good if “it can see the water”, is simply false. Sure, having salt water a few wavelengths away will help, but signals will be down by many dB-s because of ground losses. To illustrate this point, let me pose a hypothetical question. If half of your yard happened to be covered with a continuous sheet of copper and the other half with sand, where would you put your vertical? Obviously, you would put it in the middle of the copper sheet. Not on the edge of it, and most certainly not in the sand. So we put out antennas in the water. There are serious challenges, however, when installing an antenna in the sea. Tides will vary its feed-point impedance, waves will batter its base, especially at high tide; and of course, everything must be water-proof and corrosion resistant. I know of DXpeditions that moved their antennas away from the water: they did not like them getting wet and salty. With us, it is the opposite: we put the antennas as far into the water as we can and deal with the problems caused by the water. The key to our antenna system is a home built, water-proof, dual output automatic antenna couple (the coupler has two antenna ports with an internal ANT select relay). The coupler solves the problem of the tides changing the feed-point impedance (1.8 meter tides on Mellish). It allows operation on any band, and it gives us total freedom of antenna geometry. (In amateur practice, antenna geometry is often dictated by the desire for a given feed-point impedance, usually 50 ohms. A lot of sacrifices are made to obtain this impedance. The use of coupling devices is seen as undesirable because of losses and complexity (and cost). I believe that for multi-band antennas the situation is the opposite: a low loss coupler makes things simple and easy! Simple and easy are desirable on a two-man DXpedition.) For Mellish we designed an antenna that had an array of wires suspended from two 18 meter SpiderPoles. The array, which essentially consisted two separate antennas – one for the low bands and one for 20 meters and up – also included a grounding relay at the base of the second pole. This array allowed us good performance on 160 to 10 meters with only a single structure. Because of the large tide, and because of the sloping beach we placed the antenna at the half-tide point: it had about 3 foot of water at its base at high tide and at low tide, while seemingly standing on the sand, the sand was saturated and had salt water under it. Based on the reports we were getting, the antenna seemed to have worked. 4 ATU Guy Rope COAX GND Wire lengths in meters

Antenas de Recepção RX Antenas: 2 x Flags para NE e SW Remote Pre-Selector Low Noise Amplifier Remote control RX Pre-Selector and Amps SDR with CW Skimmer 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Antenas de Recepção 9 Band Pre-Selector, Pre-Amp 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Fim da Operação Total QSOs: 44178 Unique Calls: 13896 1º QSO: 2012-11-10 22:03:00 Ultimo QSO: 2012-11-23 10:17:00 Total QSOs: 44178 Unique Calls: 13896 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Resultados por band 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Resultados Band/Mode breakdown ~30% Continent By Mode Band PH CW RTTY Total 160 52 2975 3027 80 678 3795 4473 40 1458 3046 4504 30 3160 282 3442 20 2466 2820 833 6119 17 1753 3052 4805 15 1878 3242 581 5701 12 1513 2194 3707 10 6056 1215 7271 6 746 383 1129 Totals 16600 25882 1696 44178 Band PH CW RTTY Total AF 439 246 46 731 AN 1 AS 800 2063 248 3111 EU 7908 11969 719 20596 NA 5392 10370 547 16309 OC 164 206 19 389 SA 1897 1027 117 3041 Totals 16600 25882 1696 44178 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013

Agradecimentos PY5EG: Atilano de Oms Made it possible! N4IS: Jose Carlos Silva A lot! Filters, RX Ant, Etc. KD9SV: Gary Nichols RX pre-amps K9YC: Jim Brown Noise filtering HA5PT: Tamas Holman LoTW, SDR HA5X: Chris Hildebrand Web page, OQRS PS7RK: Mauricio Barreto Logistica em Natal PS7AB : Ronaldo B Reis Logistica em Natal Todos os Patrocinadores Marinha do Brasil 30 March 2017 PT0S - IDXC Visalia 2013