Grammar Reference: Modal Verbs Upgrade 1 - Unit 6 Grammar Reference: Modal Verbs Ao apresentar a lâmina inicial, escreva no quadro (ou apenas diga) algumas frases com verbos modais. Você pode usar as frases que eles verão nas lâminas seguintes e outras com os mesmos verbos. A cada frase que você disser, peça aos alunos que identifiquem os verbos da frase. Eles certamente vão dizer dois verbos, sendo que um deles é o modal. Chame a atenção deles para isto: o primeiro verbo da frase é um verbo diferente, que tem as formas afirmativa, interrogativa e negativa feitas com eles mesmo, sem depender de auxiliar.

You should stop smoking! Can I go to the toilet? You should stop smoking! Leia as frases com os alunos e chame a atenção deles para os verbos modais, aos quais você se referiu na primeira lâmina.

If you want a healthier life, you must change your habits. Leia a frase com os alunos e chame a atenção deles para o verbo modal que o médico usa. Pergunte a eles, usando o MUST, que hábitos devem ser mudados na opinião deles (eles vão criar uma situação fictícia, imaginar que o homem na imagem fuma muito, come muita gordura, etc.). Você mesmo(a) pode dizer a eles as coisas “ruins” que esse homem faz em relação à saúde dele.

Modal Verbs are a type of auxiliary verb. They are also called auxiliary verbs and are used with the main verb to form a statement or question. After the modal verbs we always use the infinitive. Leia as explicações e esclareça eventuais dúvidas.

SHOULD (DON’T) MIGHT HAVE TO Some MODAL VERBS in English are: CAN COULD MUST /HAVE TO MAY SHOULD (DON’T) MIGHT HAVE TO Chame a atenção para cada verbo da lâmina, conversando com os alunos sobre as ideias que eles passam.

CAN Indicates POSSIBILITY or ABILITY. Drinking too much alcohol can be dangerous to your health. I can speak four languages fluently. In questions, CAN asks for permission or about possibilities. Can I go to the toilet? Who can help me with my homework? Leia os exemplos para cada ideia que o verbo expressa. Peça outros exemplos aos alunos com base na realidade deles e dê outros exemplos seus.

COULD Indicates POSSIBILITY or ABILITY in the PAST. The accident could have killed you. When I was a child, I couldn’t play soccer very well. COULD is also used to state hypothesis and make speculation. If I had time, I could spend more time with my family. In this case, he could be the victim. Leia os exemplos para cada ideia que o verbo expressa. Peça outros exemplos aos alunos com base na realidade deles e dê outros exemplos seus.

MUST Indicates an OBLIGATION or PROHIBITION. You must turn off your phones inside the classroom. You mustn’t smoke inside this building. MUST is used to say that we are sure something is true. You live downtown, right? Your house must be very noisy. He must be very rich! Look at his expensive car. Leia os exemplos para cada ideia que o verbo expressa. Peça outros exemplos aos alunos com base na realidade deles e dê outros exemplos seus.

HAVE TO/ HAS TO It indicates the strongest obligation n English. It usually refers to external impositions: In this school, you have to wear a uniform. The past of have to/ has to is had to

(DON’T/ DOESN’T) HAVE TO Curiously, the negative of have to / has to indicates lack of obligation or no necessity: She doesn’t have to bring anything to drink for the party.

MAY & MIGHT Indicate an UNCERTAIN ACTION. I don’t know where he is. He may (might) be in his office. The shop may (might) give us a discount in the next purchase. MAY can also be used to ask for permission in formal situations. Leia os exemplos para cada ideia que o verbo expressa. Peça outros exemplos aos alunos com base na realidade deles e dê outros exemplos seus. May I drink some water? May I have another slice of pizza?

SHOULD / SHOULDN’T Indicate suggestion or recommendation. You should eat less if you want to lose weight. You should study more. Your grades are not good. SHOULD is also used to say what is correct in a situation or refer to an uncertain prediction. Leia os exemplos para cada ideia que o verbo expressa. Peça outros exemplos aos alunos com base na realidade deles e dê outros exemplos seus. The Police should arrest that man soon. The price of the gas should increase in the next weeks.

And you? What couldn’t you do when you were a child that you can do now? In order to have a healthier life, what should you do less or more? Finalize a apresentação fazendo as perguntas da lâmina aos alunos. Explore as situações, criando mais perguntas com base nas respostas dadas. List some of the things you must and you mustn’t do in your classroom.