PROF.ª DANIELLE CACERES DA SILVA MODAL VERBS PROF.ª DANIELLE CACERES DA SILVA

O que são “modal verbs”? São verbos diferentes dos outros pois possuem características próprias. São um tipo especial de verbos auxiliares que alteram ou completam o sentido do verbo principal. De um modo geral, estes verbos expressam ideias como capacidade, possibilidade, obrigação, permissão, proibição, dedução, suposição, pedido, vontade, desejo ou, ainda, indicam o tom da conversa (formal / informal). Os verbos modais (modal verbs) podem ser chamados também de modal auxiliaries ou apenas modals.

Não precisam de auxiliares (‘did’, ‘do’, ‘does’, etc.). Não sofrem alterações nas terceiras pessoas do singular no presente, ou seja, eles nunca recebem “s”, “es”, “ies”. Sempre após os modais o verbo deve vir no infinitivo sem o “to”. não têm passado nem futuro (com exceção do can que tem passado e condicional).

Quais são os“modal verbs”? Can Ought to Could Used to Should Have to Must Shall May Will Might Would

CAN - CAN’T Affirmative Negative (can + not = can’t) Interrogative Pode ser usado para expressar HABILIDADE, PERMISSÃO. I can play piano. We can wait for you. Liz and Mary can run for a long time. Tom can use the computer for 2 hours. They can’t eat all desert. Sarah can’t stop to do it. Can I use your cell phone Can we show these picture for you? Affirmative Negative (can + not = can’t) Interrogative

SHOULD - SHOULDN’T Affirmative Interrogative É usado para expressar um CONSELHO , uma SUGESTÃO. You should obey the rules. You should go to the doctor. We should come back to home. We shouldn’t bring the cell phone to the class. Linda shouldn’t go to the party. You shouldn’t drink soda. Should you tell her about me? Should we go out? Affirmative Negative Interrogative

MUST = HAVE TO São usados para expressão OBRIGAÇÃO. (estudaremos no sentido de algo preocupante, com consequências. Geralmente casos de estudo e saúde (unit 4)) You must go to school. = You have to go to school. She must study more. = She has to study more. I must go. = I have to go. They must leave early. = They have to leave early. You must take some time off and get some rest. = You have to take some time off and get some rest. You must take some medicine for that cough. = You have to take some medicine for that cough. Para HE / SHE/ IT

MUST NOT or MUSTN’T Indica uma PROIBIÇÃO. Passengers must not use their cell phones on board airplane. You mustn’t smoke here. She mustn’t go. Tom mustn’t stay on the internet all day. You mustn’t smoke. They mustn’t destroy other’s property. You mustn’t interrupt the teacher You mustn’t discuss with your sister. Liz mustn’t stay up late.

DON’T HAVE TO Indica AUSÊNCIA DE OBRIGAÇÃO, ou seja a “não obrigação”. You don’t have to go out. She doesn’t have to study today. Fred don’t have to go to the party. Megg and Brian don’t have to come back. They don’t have to stand up all time. I don’t have to do this. I don’t have to sell my car. We don’t have to tell her about this. You don’t have to stay here. Para HE / SHE/ IT

REVIEW OBRIGAÇÃO (OBLIGATION) PROIBIÇÃO (PROHIBITION) SUGESTÃO / CONSELHO (SUGGESTION / ADIVICE) AUSÊNCIA DE OBRIGAÇÃO (ABSENCE OF OBLIGATION) HABILIDADE / PERMISSÃO (ABILITY /PERMISSION) MUST MUST NOT MUSTN’T SHOULD DON’T HAVE TO CAN HAVE TO