Dr Brett Williams Brett G Williams Law Office, Sydney

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1 Lori tama Timor-Leste ba Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN no Sistema Komersiu Mundial
Dr Brett Williams Brett G Williams Law Office, Sydney Espesialista iha Regulamentu Komersiu Internasional Palestrante Esterna iha direitu komersiu iha Australian National University Kolejiu Direitu no University of Sydney Fakuldade Direitu

2 Koopera ka La-Koopera Koopera La Koopera Kuadrante 1 Kuadrante 3
Jogador Nu 2 Koopera La Koopera Kuadrante 1 Segundo melhor, segundu melhor Kuadrante 3 Quarto melhor, primeiro melhor Nu 1 Kuadrante 2 Primeiro melhor, quarto melhor Kuadrante 4 Terceiro melhor, terceiro melhor DOMINANTE Could generalize this to any Cooperation / Defection situation where the Rankings of payoffs are as above (though if payoff from2 = payoff from 3, then it still works). There is an incentive for a self interested player – to defect rather than cooperate (depends on how much is gained by defecting – Abbott calls this the temptation differential) Each player is always better off if the other cooperates rather than defects The payoff from both cooperating is greater than from the situation in which both defect – the amount to be gained from cooperating is called the cooperation differential. Abbott lists some characteristics of the PD model: 1 “For each player, the payoff for defecting is superior to the payoff for cooperating, whatever the other player does.” p506 2 “For each payer, the payoff is always superior if the other player chooses to cooperate.” p506 3 “The payoff to each player when both players choose to cooperate … is greater than the payoff each receives when both defect.” And he footnotes (FN20) to an additional proposition that: “Technically, it must also be the case that the average of B and W in squares 2 and 3 is lower than S: otherwise the players could take turns defecting and achieve higher payoffs than by cooperation.” citing R. Alexrod, The Evolution of Cooperation (1984) p10.

3 Ema hothotu senti ksolok tebes ho Timor-Leste tama ASEAN
Tansa? Sa’ida mak Timor-Leste tenke halo? Oinsa paiz sira-seluk ASEAN nian sei deside atu simu ka la-simu adezaun hosi Timor-Leste?

4 Se mak membru sira ASEAN nian
Orijinal lima (Indonezia, Malazia, Singapora, Tailandia, Filipinas) 8 Agos 1967 Adezaun : Brunei Darussalam 7 Janeiru 1984: Vietname 28 Jullu 1995 Laos 23 Jullu 1997 Myanmar 23 Jullu 1997 Cambodia 30 Abril 1999

5 Bainhira mak ASEAN hahu kria tratadu sira kona-ba kestaun komersial no investimentu?
1987 Arranju Komersiu Preferensial (6) 1992 ASEAN (6) CEPT – akordu dahuluk atu reduz tarifa importasaun nian

6 Atu tama ba ASEAN: Sa’ida mak Timor-Leste tenke asina lai?
Maibe Dahuluk: Sa’ida mak Akordu Komersiu nian Halo? Istoria minutu rua kona-ba Sistema Komersial Mundial

7 Hanoin hikas 1930nune’e Depresaun Global
EU hasa’e diever importasaun ba nivel hirak ne’ebe aas Tuir-mai Paiz sira seluk hasa’e sira-nia dever importasaun ba nivel hirak ne’ebe aas mos Paiz sira iha imperiu Britanikau fo dever preferensial ne’ebe ki’ik liu ba malu Problema boot rua: protesaun aas & taka ba komersiu mundial Diskriminasaun ne’ebe kauza friksaun politika

8 Maibe EU responde ho 1934 Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
Autoriza Prezidente atu halo tratadu oioin ne’ebe Reduz dever oioin EU nian Other country reduces duties Kona-ba importa sasaan sira ba malu. No ba Prezidente atu proklama taxa dever foun ba iha lei EU nian la-ho aprovasaun ruma hosi parte lejislativu. EU kuaze halo akordu bilateral 20 entre 1934 no 1945

9 Sa’ida mak influensia Politiku ida nia desizaun kona-ba Politika Komersiu ho no La-ho Akordu Komersiu ida La-iha Akordu Bainhira Adota Akordu 1. Importa produtor sira konkorrente 2.1 Konsumidor 2.2 Valuor hosi bem-estar nasional 2.3 Eksportador sira ne’ebe kontra impostu indireitu ne’ebe proteje produtor sira-seluk 3.2 Eksportador sira nia apoiu bazea ba benefisia asesu ba merkadu Negosia ona Politiku deside atu Fo Protesaun Politiku sira nia desizaun ne’e ekilibradu We can imaging the TN1 government – with no Trade Agreement in place - doing some kind of calculation by adding up the political gains and losses accruing from the matters listed in the left column The only item with any weight is Import Competing Producers So it is clear that to maximize political support, the government should choose to Grant Protection. Then if we construct a trade agreement in which TN1 and TN2 exchange tariff reductions, then the exporters in each country would gain from the agreement being implemented so would provide political support to the governments that enter into the agreement. By creating the agreement, the political situation inside each country changes to that set out in the second column. How does that change out PD matrix:

10 Iha 1947, paiz 23 forma akordu komersial uniku : GATT 1947
paiz 23 iha akordu komersial ida boot Reduz barreira oioin importasaun nian Reduz diskriminasaun – regra la’os-diskriminasaun (no presaun ida kona-ba marjen preferensia nian hosi preferensia diskriminatoriu oioin ne’ebe ezistente) & Buka atu Repete ezersiziu ne’e: Progresivamente reduz liu tan barreira importasaun Progresivamente serbisu ba eliminasaun diskriminasaun iha relasaun komersial oioin Karakteristika Kritika mak katak paiz sira ne’ebe ki’ik no kbiit-la’ek lida ho paiz sira boot no kbiit-na’in bazea ba regra legal la’os politika bazeadu ba poder (kbiit).

11 Iha1982 # hosi parte sira ba GATT aumenta ona hosi 23 ba kuaze 90.
Taxa media importasaun nian mosu hosi kuaze 50% ba menus hosi 10% iha paiz sira Dezenvolvidu ( maibe aas liu iha paiz sira Foin Dezenvolvolve, no menus liberalizasaun ne’ebe alkansa iha setor agrikola no tekstil) Iha 1982 – Paiz sira GATT nian barak mak defende prinsipiu MFN & la’os-diskriminasaun (EUA, Japaun, Kanada la-iha akordu diskriminariru ruma; Australia iha ida ho PNG) Eksesaun boot ida – EC iha FTAs balu, barak liu ho paiz sira iha Europa no Norte Afrika. Iha 1982, parte sira GATT nian koko atu hahu ronda negosiaun foun oioin kona-ba komersiu Much less successful in reducing import barriers for agricultural trade (Why? - EC fixation on self-sufficiency in agriculture – which obstructs the )

12 Ronda Uruguai Uruguay Round 1986-1994 kria Organizasaun Mundial Komersiu nian 1 Jan 1995
Komersiu iha Beins: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade + 12 Akordu sira seluk kona-ba Komersiu iha Beins Komersiu iha Servisu sira: General Agreement on Trade in Services Propriedade Intelektual: Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property MAIBE entretantu, iha 1995, iha ona esplozaun iha akordu sira diskriminatoriu.

13 WTO nian eksesaun ba Akordu Komersiu Diskriminatoriu
GATT no mos GATS iha eksesaun hosi regra Paiz Mais Favoresida (Most Favoured Nation) ba arraju ida karik: - parte sira elimina barreira ba komersiu entre Insiders (sira iha-laran); no - la hasa’e barreira atu halo komersiu hasoru outsiders (sira iha-le’ur). Tuir TRIPS, la-iha eksesaun hanesan ne’e atu tratamentu preferensial hosi IP hosi paiz ruma tenke estende ba Membru WTO hothotu.

14 Hosi 1995 Integrasan Ekonomika ASEAN Aselera
1995 ASEAN (9) emenda CEPT atu aselera redusaun iha tarifa 1995 ASEAN (9) Framework Agreement on Services 1995 ASEAN (9) Agreement on Cooperation in Intellectual Property 1998 ASEAN (10) Framework Agreement on the ASEAN Investment Area + selseluk tan

15 Kriasaun Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN
Out 2003 Deklarasaun Simeira Bali kona-ba kriasaun Komunidade ASEAN iha 2020. 12 Dez 2006 Deklarasaun Kuala Lumpur kona-ba Estabelesimentu ASEAN Charter Jan 2007 Deklarasaun Cebu kona-ba Aselerasaun Estabelesementu Komunidade ASEAN iha 2015 12 Nov 2007 asina ASEAN Charter 20 Nov 2007 Simeira 13a ASEAN nian adota ASEAN Economic Blueprint

16 Atu tama ASEAN: Sa’ida mak Timor-Leste tenke asina?
ASEAN Charter (Art 6) prevee: Parte ba Tratadu ezistente presiza halo desizaun Konsensu atu simu Membru foun Kriteria ba adezaun mak kumprimentu ba Charter no “abilidade no vontade atu hala’o obrigasaun sira hosi ASEAN.” Art 6 obriga membru sira atu “adere ba prinsipiu sira fundamental ne’ebe konsagra iha deklarasaun, akordu, konvensaun, konkordansia, tratadu oioin no instrumentu sira-seluk hosi ASEAN”. MAIBE la-iha aneksu ho lista tratadu sira

17 ASEAN Charter Art 6(2) 2. ASEAN no ninian Estadu Membru sira tenke atua tuir Prinsipiu sira tuir-mai: … (n) aderensia ba regra komersiu multilateral no regra ASEAN nian bazea ba rejime sira ba implementasaun efikaz hosi kompromisu ekonomiku no redusaun progresiva hodi ba to’o iha eliminasaun barreira hothotu ba integrasaun ekonomika rejional, iha ekonomia ida ne’ebe merkadu mak diriji. La-iha tan detalla.

18 Sa’ida mak instrumentu sira ASEAN nian ne’ebe lida ho integrasaun ekonomika?
Iha lista ida kona-ba tratadu sira iha: Inklui: ASEAN Trade In Goods Agreement + ASEAN Agreement on Customs ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services + a series of Protocols of Commitments under the FAS Incklui Agreement on Movement of Natural Persons ASEAN Comprehensive Agreement on Investment ASEAN Framework Agreement on Intellectual Property Cooperation + selseluk tan ASEAN Blueprint ba Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN espesifka finalidade oioin kona-ba integrasaun. (Blueprint ne’e la’os fonte hosi obrigasaun legal)

19 Asesaun ba ASEAN involve prosesu paralelu rua
1. Negotiating Schedules atu sai parte hosi tratadu sira prinsipal. Ne. Orariu kona-ba komersiu iha sasaan, kona-ba komersiu iha servisu sira, investimentu; no Hetan akordu ho Membru sira seluk ASEAN nian kona-ba Orariu hirak ne’e. 2. Satisfaz Parte sira-seluk ne’ebe katak imi-nia lei no asaun sira atu konsistente ho obrigasaun oioin hosi tratadu: fo informasaun ba sira no kopia hosi lei sira (iha dalen Ingles), responde pergunta sira ruma, emenda lei sira.

20 Membru ASEAN nian sei vota Yes ba Timor-Leste nia adezaun ba ASEAN karik Timor-Leste la’os Membru ida ba WTO? Membru ASEAN hothotu mos Membru ba WTO : Indonezia, Malazia , Singapora, Tailandia, Filipinas, Brunei Darussalam sai Membru ba WTO iha 1 Janeiru 1995 bainhira WTO ne’e mosu. Vietname halo adezaun ba ASEAN iha 1995 (ba WTO iha 2007) Laos tama ba ASEAN iha 1997 (ba WTO iha 2013) Myanmar tama ba ASEAN iha 1997 (membru orijinal ida hosi WTO iha 1 Jan 1995) Cambodia tama ba ASEAN iha 1999 (ba WTO iha 2004) Vietnam accession to ASEAN on 28 July 1995 (to WTO 11 January 2007) Laos accession to ASEAN 23 July 1997 (to WTO 2 February 2013) Myanmar accession to ASEAN 23 July 1997 (was an original WTO member on 1 Jan 1995) Cambodia accession to ASEAN on 30 April 1999 (to WTO 13 October 2004)

21 Membru ASEAN nian sei vota Yes ba Timor-Leste nia adezaun ba ASEAN karik Timor-Leste la’os Membru ida ba WTO? ? Adezaun ikus-liu ba ASEAN mak iha 1999: tratadu prinsipal 4 koloka ona iha fatin maibe Deklarasaun atu Kria Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN sei dauk mosu to’o 2003. Dispozisaun barak hosi tratadu sira ASEAN nian ezije membru sira ASEAN nian atu kumpri obrigasaun espesifika oioin WTO nian. Sei salva serbisu barak ba Sekretariadu ASEAN nian no governu sira ASEAN karik sira defere tiha eskrutiniu ba lei hothotu Timor-Leste nian to’o WTO halo ona ninian traballu detallu hodi eskrutiniza lei sira Timor-Leste nian. AND one more disadvantage for Timor-Leste joining ASEAN without joining WTO (even if the other ASEAN countries allowed it) is that ASEAN rules on their own would place no limits on how other ASEAN countries could raise import duties to counter any subsidies by TL government or any price discrimination by TL firms because ASEAN rules do no more than oblige Members to comply with their WTO obligations.

22 Nune’e halo adezaun ba WTO ne’e (provavelmente) pre-rekizitu pratiku ida atu halo adezaun ba ASEAN
Halo adezaun ba WTO tuir prosedimentu ida padronizadu : WTO estabelese Working Party ida kona-ba adezaun T-L nian Timor-Leste fo kopia hosi lei hothotu ba WTO, permite WP atu satisfaz membru sira katak la-iha lei T-L nian ida mak inkonsistente ho regra oioin WTO rules, posivelmente fila hodi halo emenda foun no submete fali lei foun ne’e ba Working Party. Negosia orariu ida ba konsesaun sira kona-ba komersiu iha beins tuir GATT Negosia orariu ida ba konsesaun sira kona-ba komersiu iha servisu sira tuir GATS Serbisu iha tranzisaun ida hanesan paiz dezenvolve dadaun sira-seluk atu implementa TRIPS

23 Susar oinsa ba Timor-Leste atu negosia parte GATT (beins) nian hosi adezaun ba WTO?
Tuir Lei Alfandega T-L impostu importasaun hosi produtu hothotu mak 2,5% de’it. Karik T-L oferese Schedule of Concessions ne’ebe vinkula impostu importasaun ba produtu hothotu iha 2,5%, entaun iha xanse 99% katak Membru WTO hothotu sei simu ida-ne’e. (Iha duvida karik Membru balu sei husu impostu zero ba produtu IT nian) WTO nia working party sei: ezamina T-L nia lei sira, husu tan informasaun, identifika aspeitu sira-seluk hosi lei T-L ne’ebe inkonsistente ho rekezitu oioiin WTO nian, no husu atu emenda tan lei. Nu’udar ezemplu, WTO dala-ruma sei husu Timor-Leste atu muda lei balu ne’ebe eziste: Ne. Taxa Venda nian ho 5% ne’ebe aplika de’it ba importasaun no la aplika ba produtu sira ne’ebe produz lokalmente; Ne. Dispozisaun Lei Alfrandega nian ne’ebe permite substituisaun ida livre liu ba montante Valuasaun sira seluk duke presu fatura atual Ne. Dala-ruma kona-ba restrisaun Karantina nian ne’ebe presiza atu altera karik T-L la bele demonstra justifikasaun sientifika

24 WTO nia General Agreement on Trade in Services (‘GATS’)
Liu-hosi kompromisu sira ne’ebe marka ona ba sub setor partikular no modu servisu nian: Membru sira konkorda atu limita numeru hosi fornesedor ka kuantia hosi fornesementu servisu Membru sira konkorda atu la trata iha maneira ida la favorese fornesedor sira estranjeiru kompara ha fornesedor sira lokal MAIBE obrigasaun hirak ne’e bele kualifika hodi tama tuir orariu sira

25 Susar oinsa ba Timor-Leste atu negosia parte GATS (Servisu) bainhira halo adezaun ba WTO?
Ida-ne’e konforme ba rezultadu hosi ronda negosiasaun lubuk ida ne’ebe Timor-Leste sei hala’o ho Membru sira ididak hosi WTO nian ne’ebe mak interesadu Konsidera setor sira espesifiku: Provavel katak iha area balu, sei la iha presaun atu halo kompromisu oioin ne’ebe nesesita alterasaun liu tiha fali liberalizasaun ne’ebe Timor-Leste halo ona: Timor-Leste fo ona lisensa ba ema estranjeiru atu hetan lisensa oioin hodi fornese servisu finanseiru Timor-Leste permite ona fornesedor infraestrutura teleko no servisu telecom estranjeira tolu Timor-Leste bele hetan benefisiu boot hosi kompetisaun barak hosi estranjeiru sira iha area sira-seluk & Membru sira WTO nian sei bele fo presaun ba liberalizasaun iha area sira-seluk: servisu profisional, enjinharia konstrusaun nian, transporte & sira seluk – Diretriz WTO nian kona-ba adezaun hosi Paiz sira La-dun Dezenvolve sei inklina atu hamosu rezultadu liberalizasaun balu maibe la’os iha forma ida estensiva.

26 Negosia aspeitu Trade in Services hosi adezaun ba WTO – cont’ed
Konsidera kestaun sira orizontal: Kompromisu oioin kona-ba entada hosi ema-sira natural: regra T-L nian kona-ba entrada hosi ema-sira ba negosiu kurtu prazu ne’e liberal tebes ona nune’e membru sira WTOnian sei la buka atu halo tan alterasaun ruma; entrada ba longu termu?? Kompromisu sira kona-ba estabelesementu prezensa komersial atu fornese servisu ida: regra Investimentu Estranjeiru ezistente inkonsistente ho regra tratamentu nasional GATSnian tanba ema lokal sira hetan konsesaun impostu ba investimentu ki’ik maibe estranjeiru sira hetan de’it konsesaun ba impostu ba investimentu sira ne’ebe boot de’it. Membru sira WTO nian sei buka atu muda ida-ne’e. Kompromisu sira relasiona ho oinsa fornesedor estranjeiru sira estabele fatin: T-L permite ema estranjeiru sira atu aluga rai maibe la’os atu sosa rai ne’e – maibe membru sira-seluk WTO hetan ona adezaun hodi la muda lei hirak hanesan ne’e;

27 Negosia aspeitu Trade in Services hosi adezaun ba WTO – cont’ed
WTO nia Working party ba adezaun Timor-Leste nian sei: - presiza hetan lei T-L nian hotu ne’ebe afeta komersiu iha servisu sira (iha Ingles) - ezamina lei sira atu identifika kestaun hirak ne’ebe inkonsistente ho regra sira GATS & ho kompromisu kontempladu oioin iha T-L nia Orariu ba Kompromisu sira - husu tan pergunta - husu atu emenda tan lei balu ne’ebe afeta komersiu iha servisu sira.

28 Susar oinsa ba Timor-Leste atu satisfaz aspeitu TRIPS nian bainhira halo adezaun ba WTO?
Implementa lei Patente nian ne’ebe oneroza. Implementa Lei Copyright nian ne’ebe oneroza. Implementa lei Marka-komersial (Trademark) ne’ebe relativamente fasil. Maibe Membru sira WTO nian permite ona periodu tranzisaun ba Paiz sira foin Dezenvolve atu permite dezistensia (waiver) ida hosi kumprimentu ba obrigasaun hirak ne’e Nune’e Timor-Leste bele negosia dalan tranzitoriu ida atu adota lei kona-ba Propriedade Intelektual ne’ebe bazea ba TRIPS. Bainhira halo ona adezaun Timor-Leste sei presiza atu kumpri: Regra tratamentu nasional – la fo tratamentu ne’ebe di’ak ba lokal sira duke na’in ba IP estranjeiru sira; no Regra kona-ba nasaun ne’ebe Mais Favoresida (Most Favoured nation rule ) – hodi fo tratamentu ne’ebe di’ak liu ba IP hosi paiz balu duke paiz sira-seluk. On accession Timor-Leste would need to comply with: National treatment rule – not giving locals better treatment than foreign owners of IP; and Most Favoured nation rule – giving better treatment to IP from some countries compared to other countries.

29 Aspeitu sira-seluk ne’ebe presiza konsidera:
Timor-Leste sei presiza fo ba Working Party WTO nian kopia hosi ninian lei sira iha dalen WTO nian (Ingles, Franses, Espanha) maibe sei bele hetan asistensia signifikativu ho tradusaun. Timor-Leste nia ofisial sira bele partisipa iha programa formasaun WTO; Iha Fasilidade Dezenvolvimentu Esportasaun (Export Development Facility) nian ida ne’ebe konjuntamente administra ho joint venture ida entre WTO, FAO no UNCTAD ne’ebe sei ajuda produtor lokal sira prienxe padraun no regulamentu padronizada sira ne’ebe membru sira-seluk hosi WTO nian impoen

30 Negosia adezaun ba ASEAN
Timor-Leste bele hala’o ninian negosiasaun rasik atu halo adezaun ba WTO iha tempu ne’ebe hanesan ho negosiasaun atu halo adezaun ba ASEAN.

31 Oinsa susar ba Timor-Leste atu negosia adezaun ba ASEAN Agreement on Trade in Goods (ATIGA)?
ASEAN nian ATIGA ezije redusaun impostu alfandega to’o zero. Reduz nivel atual ho 2,5% ba zero. (dala-ruma presiza reduz fazeadamente) Maibe ho WTO iha sistema working party nian ne’ebe ema hotu hatene previzivel, la hatene prosesu sa’ida mak ASEAN sei adota maibe dala-ruma espera sei iha Working Party ASEAN nian atu ezamina lei T-L nian (iha Ingles), husu tan informasaun seluk, identifika aspeitu sira-seluk hosi lei sira T-L nian ne’ebe inkonsistente ho rekezitu sira WTO nian, no huHusu atu emenda lei. Nu’udar ezemplu, ASEAN sei hakarak atu haree emenda lei sira: Ne. Taxa Venda nian ho 5% ne’ebe aplika de’it ba importasaun no la aplika ba produtu sira ne’ebe produz lokalmente; Ne. Dispozisaun Lei Alfrandega nian ne’ebe permite substituisaun ida livre liu ba montante Valuasaun sira seluk duke presu fatura atual Ne. Dala-ruma kona-ba restrisaun Karantina nian ne’ebe presiza atu altera karik T-L la bele demonstra justifikasaun sientiiika .

32 Oinsa susar ba Timor-Leste atu tama ba ASEAN nian Akordu Enkuadramentu kona-ba Servisu sira?
Ida-ne’e konforme ba rezultadu hosi ronda negosiasaun lubuk ida ne’ebe Timor-Leste sei hala’o ho Membru sira ididak hosi ASEAN nian ne’ebe mak interesadu Konsidera setor sira espesifiku: Provavel katak iha area balu, sei la iha presaun atu halo kompromisu oioin ne’ebe nesesita alterasaun liu tiha fali liberalizasaun ne’ebe Timor-Leste halo ona: Timor-Leste fo ona lisensa ba ema estranjeiru atu hetan lisensa oioin hodi fornese servisu finanseiru Timor-Leste permite ona fornesedor infraestrutura teleko no servisu telecom estranjeira tolu Timor-Leste bele hetan benefisiu boot hosi kompetisaun barak hosi estranjeiru sira iha area sira-seluk & Membru sira ASEAN nian sei bele fo presaun ba liberalizasaun iha area sira-seluk. ASEAN Blueprint aumenta tan alvu balu: Sustansialmente muda restrisaun hothotu ba komersiu iha servisu sira iha setor prioritariu: transporte aeru, komersiu elektronika, kuidade saude, turizmu, no servisu lojistiku. Arranju rekonhesementu mutu iha setor servisu profisional balu : arkitektura, kontabilidade, surveying, profisional mediku no profisional nehan nian.

33 Negosia aspeitu Komersiu iha Servisu hodi adezaun ba ASEAN kontinua
Konsidera kestaun sira orizontal: Kompromisu oioin kona-ba entada hosi ema-sira natural: regra T-L nian kona-b entrada hosi ema-sira ba negosiu kurtu prazu ne’e liberal tebes ona nune’e membru sira ASEAN nian sei la buka atu halo tan alterasaun ruma; Kompromisu sira kona-ba estabelesementu prezensa komersial atu fornese servisu ida: regra Investimentu Estranjeiru ezistente inkonsistente ho regra tratamentu nasional ASEAN FAS nian tanba ema lokal sira hetan konsesaun impostu ba investimentu ki’ik maibe estranjeiru sira hetan de’it konsesaun ba impostu ba investimentu sira ne’ebe boot de’it. Membru sira ASEAN nian sei buka atu muda ida-ne’e. Kompromisu sira relasiona ho oinsa fornesedor estranjeiru sira estabele fatin: T-L permite ema estranjeiru sira atu aluga rai maibe la’os atu sosa rai ne’e – susar ba membru sira ASEAN nian atu obriga Timor-Leste hasai tiha limitasaun hirak ne’e.

34 Susar oinsa ba Timor-Leste atu tama ba Akordu Enkuadramentu ASEAN kona-ba Propriedade Intelektual (ASEAN Framework Agreement on Intellectual Property)? Regra sira la-dun oneroza bainhira kompara ho obrigasaun sira kompletu WTO/TRIPS Obrigasaun jeral kona-ba kooperasaun ho membru sira-seluk ASEAN nian atu dezenvolve lei propriedade intelektual no ninian administrasaun ne’ebe inklui: Atu esplora posibilidade hodiestabelese sistema patente ASEAN nian ida atu proteje patente sira seluk iha rejiaun ne’e Atu esplora posibilidade hodiestabelese sistema marka-komersial ASEAn nian atu promove protesaun ba marka-komersial (trademark) iha rejiaun ne’e Blueprint hosi Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN estabelese tan meta sira balu: Adezaun ba Protokolu Madrid kona-ba Marka-komersial – ho prezunsaun katak iha lei kona-ba marka-komersial Implementa planu asaun IPR ASEAN nian – ne’ebe refere, ne., ba tempu rejistu marka-komersial ne’ebe hetook di’ak, ezaminasaun ba patente ne’ebe hetook di’ak Implementia Planu Serbisu ASEAN kona-ba Direitu-autoria (ASEAN Work Plan for Cooperation on Copyrights) Timor-Leste la-iha lei kona-ba patente, marka-komersial ka copyright. Timor-Leste tenke hahu hosi ne’ebe? Sa’ida mak membru sira ASEAN nian ezije atu Timor-Leste halo atu nune’e sira bele vota yes hodi tama ba ASEAN? Madrid Protocol System for registering trademarks on an international register Means that a trademark can be renewed in all of the participating countries by renewing the registration on the international register.

35 Obrigasaun ASEAN nian kobre area sira balu ne’ebe obrigasaun WTO nian la kobre
Tratadu sira adisional: Investimentu Administrasaun alfandega nian / Janela Unika Nasional Aspeitu privadu balu ho lei kona-ba komersiu nian: transporte multimodal, beins iha tranzitu, Mais ‘obrigasaun’ balu ne’ebe la iha tratadu laran maibe iha deklaran meta oioin iha Blueprint ba Komunidade Ekonomika ASEAN Politika Konkorrensia (Competition Policy) Protesaun Konsumidor E-commerce (komersiu elektronika) Konsidera rua hosi sira ne’e:

36 Adezaun ba ASEAN nia Akordu Investimentu Abranjente (Comprehensive Investment Agreement)
Timor-Leste la bele trata investidor / investimentu sira hosi paiz sira ASEAN nian: Ho tratamentu ne’ebe la-dun di’ak kompara ho sira-nia investidor / investimentu rasik (ekseptu ba medida sira iha sira-nia Lista Rezervasaun) Ho tratamentu ne’ebe la-dun di’ak kompara ho investidor / investimentu hosi Estadu sira-seluk. Aplika ba admisaun no estabelesementu Aplika ba operasaun kontinua, venda no mos dispozisaun Membru sira tenke permite investidor sira lori tama ka lori sai kapital. Membru sira tenke permite movimentu hosi ema balu: investidor, ezekutivu, jerente, no kategoria oioin ne’ebe negosia ona Tipu rua hosi rezolusaun ba disputa: Estadu v Estadu bainhira remediu ne’e retira obrigasaun sira Investidor v Estadu bainhira remediu ne’e danus monetarius Timor-Leste bele negosia ekesaun ba regra Tratamentu Nasional (National Treatment) Maibe paiz sira ASEAN nian mak sei fo atensaun ba aspeitu oioin hosi Timor-Leste nia Lei ne’ebe ema estranjeira sira ho tratamentu la-duun di’ak kompara ho ema-lokal sira & pedidu ba eksesaun ho ema-ruma ba ema-ruma.

37 Janela Unika Nasional ba Administrasaun Importasaun-Esportasaun
Obrigasaun tratadu nian ida atu bele halo komersiante sira lida ho pontu uniku ida iha governu ho deklara beins sira bele tama iha paiz ida. Kumprimentu parsial iha Kurtu prazu bele sai hanesan portal web unika ida ho informasaun hothotu kona-ba aprovasaun sira hotu hosi ajensia tomak governu nian. Kumprimentu kompletu tempu naruk liu nian bele sai nu’udar sistema unika ida bazea ba komputador atu simu no fo aprovasaun importasaun hosi ajensira hothotu Sei presiza reforma legal balu : Lejislasaun ba tranzasaun elektronika Lejislasaun kona-ba identifikasaun elektronika/asinatura dijital Lei sira kona-ba dadus privadu ne’ebe iha Lei sira ne’ebe autoriza fahe informasaun ne’ebe iha ho autoridade sira iha paiz sira-seluk

38 Protesaun ba Konsumidor
La-iha tratadu ruma ASEAN nian kona-ba protesaun ba konsumidor. ASEAN Blueprint ezije membru sira atu fortifika protesaun ba konsumidor hodi serbisu iha ASEAN nian Komite Koordenasaun kona-ba Protesaun ba Konsumidor. Timor-Leste la-iha lei, ne, kona-ba deklarasaun falsa, deklarasaun iluzoria, ka termu sira implika ona. Hosi ne’ebe Timor-Leste sei hahuu ho ninian lei kona-ba protesaun ba konsumidor? Sa’ida mak Membru sira ASEAN nian hakarak atu haree iha area lei protesaun ba konsumidor molok sira hakarak vota ‘yes’ ba ninian adezaun ba ASEAN?

39 Tama ba Relasaun Ekonomika Esterna ASEAN Komun
Timor-Leste dala-ruma presiza halo adezaun ba ASEAN Japaun FTA ASEAN Xina FTA ASEAN Korea FTA ASEAN-Australia-Nova Zelandia FTA ASEAN India FTA kona-ba beins (sei dauk servisu siras) Posivelmente ASEAN Hong Kong FTA Atu tama, Timor-Leste dala-ruma sei presiza atu negosia Orariu kompromisu sira kona-ba beins, servisu no investimentu ho paiz hirak ne’e ididak.

40 Akordu Parseria Ekonomika Abranjente Rejional
Negosiasaun la’o hela. Parese sei sai ASEAN nia vizaun atu troka FTAs sira hotu ho akordu uniku ida: RCEP (maibe posibel mos katak RCEP bele ko-eziste ho FTAs) Membru sira ASEAN nian sei konfia katak Timor-Leste bele tama ba iha RCEP molok sira permite Timor-Leste tama ba iha ASEAN.

41 Oinsa kona-ba Australia?
Australia la’os Membru ida hosi ASEAN no la’os parte ida ba tratadu ruma ASEAN nian kona-ba asuntu ekonomiku? Grupu ketak ida naran Forum Rejional ASEAN konvoka reuniaun anual– ne’ebe involve paiz 10 ASEAN nian + paiz sira-seluk (inklui EUA, UE, Japaun, Australia no Timor-Leste) Australia parte ida ba Aust-NZ-ASEAN nia Akordu Komersiu Livre (Free Trade Agreement). Australia mos hamutuk ho membru ASEAN (10) Plus Japaun, Xina, Korea Sul, Nova Zelandia no India atu negosia Akordu Parseria Ekonomika Abranjente Rejional (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) foun ida.

42 Oinsa Australia involve?
Australia Membru ativu ida hosi WTO ho esperiensia boot iha adezaun ba WTO Australia xefea grupu negosiasaun WTO ne’ebe iha laran paiz 4 ASEAN partisipa: Malazia, Indonezia, Singapora, Tailandia, Filipinas Australia iha FTAs ho membru ASEAN tolu: Singapora, Tailandia no Malazia; no negosia hela daudaun ho Indonezia. Australia mos iha FTAs parseiru dialogu ASEAN nian tolu: Korea, Japaun, Nova Zelandia; no negosia hela daudaun ho Xina no India.

43 Konkluzaun Atu tama ba ASEAN:
Provavel katak Timor-Leste sei presiza komesa negosiasaun oioin atu tama ba WTO Provavel katak Timor-Leste sei presiza hola parte iha negosiasaun oioin atu kria Parseria Ekonomika Abranjente Rejional (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership). Australia mos totalmente no permanentemente metin hela ba prosesu integrasaun ekonomika ASEAN

44 Pergunta ruma? 1. 2. 3. … Brett Williams